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Errors and contradictions

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Islamic theology based on the Quran and Hadiths is rife with errors and contradictions.

Errors

Historical and factual errors

Jews think Ezra is the son of Allah

Surah 9:30

The Jews say, “Ezra is the son of Allah,” …

This is false. No Jews have ever claimed that Ezra is the son of God. Is it Allah or Muhammad who is ignorant of this fact?

The Quran gets the trinity wrong

Surah 5:73

They do blaspheme who say: Allah is one of three in a Trinity: for there is no god except One Allah.

This is an obvious reference to the trinity doctrine. However the trinity doctrine doesn’t say that God or Allah is “one of three”. That would be tritheism. It says that God is one in essence and three in persons. The Quran is wrong.

The Quran confuses the Holy Spirit with the Angel Gabriel

Surah 19:17

When Mary is visited by Gabriel:

And had chosen seclusion from them. Then We sent unto her Our Spirit and it assumed for her the likeness of a perfect man.

The spirit of Allah, i.e. the Holy Spirit comes in the shape of a man (see Ezekiel 8) to Mary. But it was the Angel Gabriel who came to Mary.

Christians worship Mary

Surah 5:116

And ˹on Judgment Day˺ Allah will say, “O Jesus, son of Mary! Did you ever ask the people to worship you and your mother as gods besides Allah?”…

Christians don’t worship Mary. But Allah doesn’t know this.

Mary the mother of Jesus is the brother of Aaron

Surah 19:27-28

Then she returned to her people, carrying him [Jesus]. They said ˹in shock˺, “O Mary! You have certainly done a horrible thing! O sister of Aaron! Your father was not an indecent man, nor was your mother unchaste.”

Surah 66:12

Mary, daughter of Imran.

See also Surah 3:35-36.

  • Mary the mother of Jesus lived Judaea/Galilee.
  • Mariam the sister of Aaron and daughter of Imran (Amram) lived in Egypt/Sinai.
  • Mary lived ca 1st century B.C./A.D.
  • Mariam lived ca 1400-1500 B.C. one and a half millenium earlier.
  • Mary was of the tribe of Judah.
  • Mariam was of the tribe of Levi.
  • Mary’s father was probably named Joachim.
  • Mariam father was named Amram.

These are two totally different people, and the author of the Quran is so ignorant that he mixes them up and thinks they’re the same people.

Pharao ordered Haman to build the Tower of Babel

Surah 40:36

Pharaoh ordered, “O Hamân! Build me a high tower so I may reach the pathways leading up to the heavens and look for the God of Moses, although I am sure he is a liar.” …

The Pharao was the king of Egypt. Haman was an Amalekite man, an enemy of Israel, who lived in the Persian empire in the 5th century BC, a thousand years later. And the Tower of Babel was built on the plains of Mesopotamia in the 24th century BC, almost a thousand years before. This is the worst imaginable mishmash of stories and characters picked from a time frame of two thousand years.

Pharao threatened people with crucifixion

Surah 7:123-124

Pharaoh threatened, … “I will certainly cut off your hands and feet on opposite sides, then crucify you all.”

Crucifixion was never used by ancient Egypt, and did not become a common form of execution by the Romans in the 6th century BC.

See also:

  • Surah 20:71
  • Surah 25:49

The Israelites were misled by a Samaritan

Surah 20:85

Allah responded, “We have indeed tested your people in your absence, and the Samaritan has led them astray.

The Samaritan people did not exist until at least a thousand years after the event where the Israelites were misled into worshipping the golden calf.

Jesus was not crucified

Surah 4:157

and their saying, “We have surely killed the Messiah, Jesus, son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah. ”In fact, they did not kill him, nor did they crucify him, but it appeared to them as if they had. And indeed, those who differed over him are in doubt about it. They have no knowledge of it—just following assumptions. And certainly, they did not kill him.

That Jesus was crucified by order of the Roman Prefect Pontius Pilate is subject to “almost universal assent” among scholars. Lightfoot Professor of Divinity James Dunn stated that the fact of the baptism and crucifixion of Jesus “rank so high on the ‘almost impossible to doubt or deny’ scale of historical facts, they are obvious starting points for an attempt to clarify the what and why of Jesus’ mission.” Atheist scholar Bart Ehrman says “Nearly all critical scholars agree at least on those points about the historical Jesus.”

In other words, the Quran is historically false.

No one was named John before John the Baptist

Surah 19:7

“O Zachariah! Indeed, We give you the good news of a son, whose name will be John—a name We have not given to anyone before.”

John is not a unique name. in fact it was one of the most popular names in the first century. There are at least 5 people in the New testament named John. The Hebrew equivalent of the name John is “Johanan” and “Jehohanan”, which means “Yahweh is gracious.” There are at least 17 persons in the old testament with this name, for a total of 22 people in the whole Bible. So Allah and the Quran are wrong that John was the first one with this name.

Contradictions

Contradicting the Bible

Jesus was not crucified

Surah 4:157

And because of their saying: We slew the Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, Allah’s messenger - they slew him not nor crucified him, but it appeared so unto them; and lo! those who disagree concerning it are in doubt thereof; they have no knowledge thereof save pursuit of a conjecture; they slew him not for certain.

The Quran denies the crucifixion of Jesus, the most verified fact of ancient history, and the pinnacle of the Bible and cornerstone of Christianity.

Who named the animals?

Surah 2:31

He taught Adam the names of all things,

In the Bible it is Adam who had the task of naming all animals.

The affliction in Egypt

Surah 2:48

the people of Pharaoh, who afflicted you with dreadful torment, slaughtering your sons and keeping your women. That was a severe test from your Lord

According to the Bible, slavery in Egypt was not a trial from God but an affliction from the Egyptians.

Seeing God

Surah 2:55

And ˹remember˺ when you said, “O Moses! We will never believe you until we see Allah with our own eyes,” so a thunderbolt struck you while you were looking on.

There is no such story in the Bible. Rather the Israelites were terrified and did not want to see God.

How many springs?

Surah 2:60

We said, “Strike the rock with your staff.” Then twelve springs gushed out

In the Bible there was only one spring.

Breaking the sabbath

Surah 2: 65,66

You know about those of you who broke the Sabbath, and so We said to them, ‘Be like apes! Be outcasts!’

God has never said sabbath breakers are apes. Breaking the sabbath was punished by death, not ostracism.

Raising dead using cow parts

Surah 2:73

We said, ‘Strike the [body] with a part of [the cow]’: thus God brings the dead to life and shows His signs so that you may understand.

Israelites are instructed to use parts of a cow carcass to resurrect the dead.

Contradicting the Quran

Surah 4:82

Do they not then reflect on the Quran? Had it been from anyone other than Allah, they would have certainly found in it many inconsistencies.

If the Quran is from Allah, there should be no contradictions.

The Quran is both clear and unclear

Surah 3:7 says that in the Quran “some verses are precise…while others are elusive…none grasps their meaning except Allah.” Meanwhile Surah 11:1 says that the Quran is “a Book whose verses are well perfected and then fully explained. “ So which is it? Is it clear or unclear?

Allah forgives all sins / does not forgive all sins

Surah 39:53

Allah certainly forgives all sins. He is indeed the All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

Surah 4:116

Surely Allah does not forgive associating ˹others˺ with Him ˹in worship˺,

Jesus is the Word of Allah, but not Allah

Surah 4:171

The Messiah Jesus the son of Mary is was a messenger of Allah, and his Word cast down into Mary, and a spirit from Him.

So the Quran admits that Jesus is the Word of Allah who took on flesh in the womb of Mary. This is in line with the Bible. And since the Word of Allah is eternal, it means Jesus is eternal. But that leads to the dilemma that either Islam has two separate eternal beings, they have two gods, and are polytheists. Or the Word of Allah is an intrinsic part of Allah, and thus is a distinct person who is Allah in essence.

The verse goes on:

And do not say, “Three”; desist - it is better for you. Indeed, Allāh is but one God.

So the Quran is denying tritheism, which is a form of polytheism. That leaves us with the conclusion that the Quran explicitly says that Jesus is an eternal person who is Allah in essence, just as the Bible teaches.

Surah 3:45 also says Jesus is a Word from Allah, honored in this world and the hereafter, and one closest to Allah. The question is only, how close? So close in fact that he is one in essence with Allah.

Did Allah create the heavens or the earth first?

Allah created the heavens before the earth

Surah 6:1,73,79,101;14:19;15:85;16:3;17:99;21:16,56;25:59;29:44,61;31:27;36:81;38:27;43:9;44:38;45:22;50:38;52:36;57:4;64:3 etc

Allah created the earth before the heavens

Surah 2:29;20:4;41:9-12

He it is Who created for you all that is in the earth. Then turned He to the heaven, and fashioned it as seven heavens.

The word of Allah both can’t and can be changed

Surah 6:115; 10:64; 18:27; 50:29 says no one can change the word of Allah, but Surah 2:75 says some people did change the word of Allah.

Allah both could and could not have offspring

Surah 6:101 says Allah could not have offspring unless he had a spouse while Surah 39:4 says Allah could just choose any creation as his offspring.

Who forgives sins?

Surah 3:135

They are those who, upon committing an evil deed or wronging themselves, remember Allah and seek forgiveness for their sins—and who forgives sins except Allah?

Only Allah forgives sins.

Surah 46:31

Our people, respond to the one who calls you to God. Believe in Him: He will forgive you your sins and protect you from a painful torment.’

Muhammad also forgives sins.

How long did it take Allah to create the world?

Was it 6 days or 8 days?

Surah 10:3 says Allah created the heavens and the earth in 6 days.

Surely your Lord is Allah Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days,…

Surah 41:9-12 says Allah created the heavens and the earth in 8 days. 2 + 4 + 2 = 8.

Ask ˹them, O Prophet˺, “How can you disbelieve in the One Who created the earth in two Days? And how can you set up equals with Him? That is the Lord of all worlds. He placed on the earth firm mountains, standing high, showered His blessings upon it, and ordained ˹all˺ its means of sustenance—totaling four Days exactly —for all who ask. … So He formed the heaven into seven heavens in two Days, assigning to each its mandate. …

Muhammad did and did not do miracles

In Surah 6:37; 6:109; 13:7; 17:59; 20:20 it says that Muhammad never did any miracles. But in Sahih al Bukhari 3637 it says that he DID do a miracle.

Are people ransomed from hell or not.

The Quran says there will be no ransoms whatsoever on judgment day. But one Hadith says muslims will be ransomed from hell by Christians and Jews taking their places in hell..

Jews are both favoured and not

Surah 45:16

Indeed, We gave the Children of Israel the Scripture, wisdom, and prophethood; granted them good, lawful provisions; and favoured them above the others.

Surah 2:47

Children of Israel, remember how I blessed you and favoured you over other people.

Sahih al-Bukhari 2926

…”The Hour will not be established until you fight with the Jews, and the stone behind which a Jew will be hiding will say. “O Muslim! There is a Jew hiding behind me, so kill him.”

Jews are favoured by Allah, but Islam has as a main goal to kill all Jews.

Wine is from Satan but is served in paradise

Surah 16:65-69

And Allah sends down rain from the sky, giving life to the earth after its death. … pure milk, pleasant to drink … And from the fruits of palm trees and grapevines you derive intoxicants as well as wholesome provision. Surely in this is a sign for those who understand

This teaches that intoxicants (wine) is a blessing of Allah.

Surah 5:90

O you who believe! Wine, gambling, altars and divining arrows are filth, made up by Satan. Therefore, refrain from it, so that you may be successful.

This teaches that wine is an invention of Satan.

Surah 83:22-26

Surely the virtuous will be in bliss, ˹seated˺ on ˹canopied˺ couches, gazing around. You will recognize on their faces the glow of delight. They will be given a drink of sealed, pure wine, whose last sip will smell like musk. So let whoever aspires to this strive ˹diligently˺.

This teaches that wine is a reward from Allah in paradise.

So is wine a blessing from Allah or an invention of Satan?

See also Surah 37:43-46; 47:15

Noah’s sons all survived the flood or not

Surah 21:76

And ˹remember˺ when Noah had cried out to Us earlier, so We responded to him and delivered him and his family from the great distress.

All of Noah’s family survived.

Surah 11:41-42

And the Ark sailed with them through waves like mountains. Noah called out to his son, who stood apart, “O my dear son! Come aboard with us and do not be with the disbelievers.” He replied, “I will take refuge on a mountain, which will protect me from the water.” Noah cried, “Today no one is protected from Allah’s decree except those to whom He shows mercy!” And the waves came between them, and his son was among the drowned.

Not all of Noah’s family survived.

(This also contradicts the Bible of course.)

Jinn can not produce something like the Quran, but did produce a whole Surah of the Quran

Surah 17:88

Say, ‘Even if all mankind and jinn came together to produce something like this Quran, they could not produce anything like it, however much they helped each other.’

“Something like the Quran” would be a text of the same calibre, would it not? Would a Surah of the Quran count as “something like the Quran”?

Because pretty much the entirety of Surah 72 is quotations of what jinn allegedly said. So Surah 72 was authored by jinn. They thus produced “something like the Quran.” Actually they produced part of the Quran.